Pregnancy is an incredible journey, but it can come with unexpected challenges. Two complications that often cause concern are Breech Birth & Preterm Labor. While these terms might sound daunting, understanding what they mean, why they happen, and how they’re managed can ease worries and help expectant parents feel more prepared.

What is Breech Birth & Preterm Labor?

Breech Birth

• A breech birth occurs when a baby is positioned bottom-first instead of the typical head-down position in the womb.
• Normally, by the last few weeks of pregnancy, most babies turn into the head-down position in preparation for delivery.
• About 3-4% of full-term pregnancies result in a breech position.

Preterm Labor

• Preterm labor happens when contractions begin before 37 weeks of pregnancy, leading to early delivery.
• A full-term pregnancy lasts about 40 weeks, so preterm birth can result in health complications for the baby.
• The earlier the birth, the higher the risk of complications.

Why Do Some Babies End Up in a Breech Position?

• Too much or too little amniotic fluid – If there’s an abnormal amount of fluid, the baby might have extra room to move or not enough space to turn.
• Uterine shape or abnormalities – Some women have a uterus shape that makes it difficult for the baby to flip head-down.
• Placenta previa – If the placenta is covering the cervix, it can prevent the baby from getting into the right position.
• Multiple pregnancies (twins, triplets, etc.) – In twin or multiple pregnancies, there may not be enough space for all babies to turn properly.

What Increases the Risk of Preterm Labor?

• Previous preterm birth – If you’ve had a preterm baby before, the chances of it happening again are higher.
• Short cervical length – A shorter cervix may not be strong enough to hold the baby until full term.
• Infections – Certain infections in the mother, such as UTIs or bacterial vaginosis, can trigger early contractions.
• Chronic conditions – High blood pressure, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders can sometimes lead to preterm labor.
• Stress and lifestyle factors – High stress levels, smoking, poor nutrition, or substance use can contribute to early labor.

Although some women experience Breech Birth & Preterm Labor without any risk factors, knowing what might increase the chances helps in managing and preventing complications.

Signs of Breech Birth & Preterm Labor

How to Know If Your Baby is Breech?

• Feeling kicks low in your abdomen instead of up near your ribs.
• A hard lump near your ribs (the baby’s head).
• Pressure in your upper belly instead of lower pelvis.
• A simple ultrasound can confirm the baby’s position.

Warning Signs of Preterm Labor

• Regular contractions before 37 weeks.
• Lower back pain that doesn’t go away.
• Increased vaginal discharge or bleeding.
• Pelvic pressure or cramps.
• Water breaking early.

Managing Breech Birth & Preterm Labor

How to Turn a Breech Baby?

• External Cephalic Version (ECV) – Doctors apply gentle pressure on the belly to help the baby turn head-down. It’s about 50% successful and is usually done after 36 weeks.
• Prenatal yoga and specific exercises – Positions like the “breech tilt” may encourage the baby to turn.
• Swimming – Some women find that floating in water helps the baby reposition.
• Chiropractic care (Webster technique) – Can help align the pelvis, giving the baby more room to move.

If the baby remains breech, a C-section is often recommended, though some doctors may attempt a vaginal breech birth under controlled conditions.

Preventing & Managing Preterm Labor

• Progesterone treatments – If you have a history of preterm labor, doctors may prescribe progesterone to help keep the cervix strong.
• Cervical cerclage – A minor surgical procedure where the cervix is stitched closed to prevent early dilation.
• Hydration & bed rest – Sometimes, simply staying hydrated and limiting activity can slow down contractions.
• Tocolytic medications – These can temporarily stop contractions and delay birth, giving doctors time to administer steroids to strengthen the baby’s lungs.

What Happens If a Baby is Born Preterm or Breech?

Challenges of Preterm Babies

• 34-37 weeks (Late Preterm) – May have mild issues with feeding, breathing, or body temperature regulation.
• 28-34 weeks (Very Preterm) – Often need help with breathing and feeding through NICU care.
• Before 28 weeks (Extremely Preterm) – High risk of complications but medical advancements have greatly improved survival rates.

Is a Breech Baby Always Delivered by C-Section?

• A C-section is the most common recommendation for breech babies.
• In certain cases, a vaginal breech birth is possible if:
  • The baby is a frank breech (buttocks-first with legs up).
  • The labor progresses smoothly.
  • The hospital has a skilled team experienced in breech deliveries.
• Vaginal breech births are less common today because they carry higher risks of complications, such as head entrapment or umbilical cord compression.

Final Thoughts on Breech Birth & Preterm Labor

Pregnancy is unpredictable, and while Breech Birth & Preterm Labor can be concerning, medical advancements have made it possible to manage these situations safely. Whether it’s turning a breech baby, delaying early labor, or ensuring the best care for a preterm newborn, knowing your options helps you make informed decisions.

If you’re expecting and concerned about Breech Birth & Preterm Labor, regular prenatal check-ups, open discussions with your doctor, and staying informed can make all the difference.